Chairs:
raluca roman
170: DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY RESIDENCY PROGRAM IN INDONESIA: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
M. Priaminiarti1, B. Kiswanjaya1, F.R. Ramadhan1, H.B. Iskandar1
1Universitas Indonesia, Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Radiology, Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia
Aim: The aim of this article presentation is to present information about the journey of dentomaxillofacial radiology (DMFR) residency program in Indonesia and the possible future.
Material and methods: Dental specialists in Indonesia have been established to address the regulations and needs of dental health services, including our program which also has an important role as a professional who responsible for radiation protection. Being one of the pioneers to hold DMFR program in Southeast Asia, Indonesia until 2023 has produced more than 100 dentomaxillofacial radiologists. The residency program of DMFR started in 2008 in faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung with 3-years curriculum. The bureaucracy of making this study program has been a challenge, from the dental collegium, collegium of medical radiology and other stakeholders. This challenge still remains, as more dental specialist begin to establish.
Result: Currently, there are four public universities in Indonesia that have DMFR residency programs, namely Universitas Padjadjaran, Universitas Indonesia, Universitas Hassanudin, and Universitas Airlangga. Every institution has their own specific area of interest which shares the same basic competence to become Indonesian-board Dentomaxilofacial Radiologist
Conclusion: It has been almost 15 years for Indonesia to have a DMFR program, and Indonesia is among the first to adopt this program in Southeast Asia. However, the number of DMFR graduates is still limited and needed in Indonesia, Asia, and even in the bigger scoop, the world. Hence, there is a big possibility for more universities in Indonesia opening this program or others holding an international residency program.
81: A REVIEW OF THE USE OF CONTRASTING CASES TO SUPPORT NONANALYTIC LEARNING, AND CALIBRATION OF THIS APPROACH IN ORAL RADIOLOGY IN DENTAL EDUCATION
N.A.A. Khairuddin1, N.N. Woods2, T.-l. Gheorghe1, C. Nolet-Levesque3
1University of Toronto, Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Toronto, Canada, 2University of Toronto, Family and Community Medicine, Toronto, Canada, 3Université Laval, Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Québec City, Canada
Aim: Case comparison is a nonanalytic active learning approach that involves presenting students with multiple cases of the same phenomenon. The cases usually share a common deep structure but vary superficially. Students can be instructed to ‘compare and contrast’ cases or to use these cases in order to invent a general understanding. The aim of this project was to review literature available on contrasting cases as a learning strategy, and to calibrate and apply this technique to oral radiology.
Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, APA PsycInfo, ScienceDirect, and Springer in order to find studies on learning through case comparison or contrasting cases, analogical processing, and schema induction. This information was then utilized to create learning materials for teaching oral radiology using contrasting cases, and was calibrated with five second-year dental students.
Results: Seven relevant papers were found on the topic of contrasting cases. A variety of instructional methods have been used. Students have been instructed to ‘compare and contrast’ the cases or invent a general solution that applies across the different cases. It has been found that inventing a general explanation for different cases of a disease elicits a deeper understanding of the disease category, and learners rely less on the surface features. Calibration shows students who were taught using contrasting cases were able to collect and interpret pertinent radiographic features to arrive at the correct interpretation.
Conclusion: Using contrasting cases as an instructional strategy in oral radiology appears to be promising.
96: PATIENT KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING REGARDING X-RAYS AND IMAGING EXAMS
G. Liedke1, R. Spin-Neto2, L. Machado Maracci3, G. Barbieri Ortigara3, G. Dal’ Ongaro Savegnago3, W. Miranda de Mello3, P. de Oliveira Corrêa3, G. Fagundes Serpa1
1Federal University of Santa Maria / Dental School, Department of Stomatology, Santa Maria, Brazil, 2Aarhus University / School of Dentistry, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus, Denmark, 3Federal University of Santa Maria / Dental School, Postgraduate Course in Dental Sciences, Santa Maria, Brazil
Aim: To assess patients‘ knowledge and understanding regarding imaging exams and their relation to ionizing radiation.
Material and Methods: Patients who sought dental care at Santa Maria Dental School clinics (Brazil) were invited to enroll in the study. Those who signed the informed consent form filled out a questionnaire. Data collection covered demographic information, knowledge regarding imaging exams, X-rays, and dental radiographs, and information sources (internet or dentist/physician). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test.
Results: Two-hundred-thirty-five participants were enrolled (mean age 44±15 years), of whom 60% were female and 68% had at least 8 years of formal education. Most participants (74.5%) reported knowing what X-rays are. When questioned if the following exams used X-rays, the broad majority said radiographs used X-rays (91.5%), but some mistakes were revealed for tomography (51.7%), mammography (59.4%), ultrasound (15%), and MRI (40.2%). Gender, educational level, and reported knowledge about X-rays were not associated with correct answers (P>0.05). Younger patients answered more accurately that ultrasound (P=0.009) and MRI (P=0.025) do not use X-rays, and older patients correctly associated mammography with X-rays (P<0.001). Patients whose information source was the internet tended to incorrectly associate that mammography (P=0.007) and tomography (P=0.055) did not use X-rays.
Conclusion: Patients mistake the imaging exams that use X-rays, even though they report knowing what X-rays are. Dentists should be aware of the misconceptions their patients may face in using the internet as a source of information and better inform patients regarding the imaging exams’ acquisition.
213: EVALUATION OF THE RADIATION DOSE EXPOSED TO SURROUNDING TISSUES AND ORGANS BY CBCT IMAGING OBTAINED AT LOW AND HIGH DOSES FOR DENTAL IMPLANT PLANNING
C. Evli1, G. Haksayar1, H. Eren2
1Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey, 2Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Çanakkale, Turkey
Aim: Since its introduction in 1995, CBCT has revolutionized dental maxillofacial imaging, offering a significant advantage over conventional CT by reducing radiation doses.In dose simulation programs, effective dose and organ doses can be estimated using Monte Carlo (MC) techniques.The aim of this study is to explore the impact of low-dose and high-dose tomography scans, specifically in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), on radiation exposure during implant measurements in the mandible.
Material and Methods: This research analyzed CBCT (Newtom 7G) images at two distinct settings: low and high doses. The study methodologically harnessed the Dose Area Product values derived from these settings, with dose performed via the PCXMC 2.0 Rotation program, incorporating Monte Carlo simulation techniques for accurate dose estimation. The Mann-Whitney U test was conducted as a statistical analysis method for comparing total doses on a tissue and organ basis.
Results: Total doses for the oral mucosa, salivary glands, skull, lymph nodes, thyroid gland, brain, bone marrow, skin, esophagus, and thymus have been obtained. In the low-dose setting, oral mucosa, salivary glands, and the skull received the highest exposure, in contrast to slight alterations in the exposure sequence at the best dose. The lowest dose values were obtained in the Thymus and Esophagus. On a tissue and organ basis, no statistically significant difference between low and high doses was detected.
Conclusion: Although no significant difference was found between high and low dose values, considering the stochastic effects of radiation, it is recommended to use the lowest possible dose values.
69: QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF PERI-IMPLANT TRABECULAR BONE AFTER PROSTHODONTIC LOADING: A RADIOMORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS USING PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY
E. Aslan1, N. Dundar1, O. Mutlu2
1Ege University School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Izmir, Turkey, 2Ege University School of Science, Department of Statistics, Izmir, Turkey
Aim: To evaluate the structural changes in peri-implant alveolar bone three years after prosthodontic loading using panoramic radiography (PR).
Material and Methods: PR images of seventy-seven posterior implants (44 mandibular, 33 maxillary) taken three months after implant placement (group-1) and three years after prosthodontic loading (group-2) were included in the study. Two regions-of-interest (ROI) were selected from mesial and distal sides of each implant. Then, mesial and distal ROIs were divided to obtain three sub-ROIs (coronal, middle, and apical). A total of eight ROIs and sub-ROIs from each implant were used for fractal dimension (FD), lacunarity, and bone area fraction (BA/TA) measurements. The paired-samples t-test was used to compare the measurements between two groups (p=0.05).
Results: BA/TA of mandibular implants calculated three years after prosthodontic loading was significantly lower than that measured after implant placement (p=0.014). No difference was found between two groups regarding FD and lacunarity measurements (p>0.05). FD of mandibular implants at the coronal level (p=0.022) and FD of maxillary implants at the middle level decreased (p=0.025), whereas lacunarity of mandibular implants at the middle level increased (p=0.025) after prosthodontic loading. While BA/TA of maxillary implants at the coronal level was lower three years after prosthodontic loading (p=0.034), BA/TA at the apical level was higher than that calculated after implant placement (p=0.016). None of the other sub-ROIs revealed any difference (p>0.05).
Conclusion: BA/TA can be used to analyze structural changes in peri-implant bone after prosthodontic loading. Additionally, FD and lacunarity may also be useful in evaluating peri-implant bone.
153: BIOMECHANICAL EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT MINIPLATE SHAPES FOR MANDIBULAR SYMPHYSIS FRACTURE: A FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS USING CBCT DATA.
M.H. Baharuddin1, N. Ibrahim2, M.H. Ramlee1,3, M.K. Hassan2, S.M.A.-I. Syed Jaafar4, M.R. Abdul Kadir5
1Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Bone Biomechanics Laboratory (BBL), Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, 2Universiti Malaya, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 3Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Bioinspired Device and Tissue Engineering (BIOINSPIRA) Research Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, 4Serdang Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kajang, Malaysia, 5Universiti Malaya, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Aim: This study aims to compare the biomechanical performance of different miniplate shapes in treating mandibular symphysis fractures.
Materials: A total of 432 DICOM files of the CT image were imported in Mimics software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) for the segmentation process to produce 3D model of mandible which consist of cortical and cancellous bone. STL files of the bones were imported into 3-Matic software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) for mesh editing and refinement processes. Four miniplate shapes (I, L, X, and Y) were designed and analyzed under masticatory loading conditions. A 200 N normal load was applied to incisor teeth, while condyles, coronoid process, and retromolar regions were fixed. Titanium alloy was chosen as the material for the miniplate and screw. Finite element analysis was conducted using Marc Mentat software.
Results: Results showed maximum von Mises stress levels below material yield stress for all miniplates and mandibles. Miniplate X exhibited the lowest maximum von Mises stress (9.91 MPa). Displacements for miniplates and mandibles were comparable at 0.06 mm and 0.07 mm, respectively, with inter-fragmentary displacement below the allowable limit of 0.38 mm.
Conclusion: In conclusion, despite differing shapes, all miniplates proved biomechanically safe for stabilizing mandibular symphysis fractures.